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Blueberry Lilies and other Asparagaceae

6/12/2020

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​Greetings fellow Foxies
I have been sampling the tasty purple berries of Dianella revoluta/ Blueberry lily. It is bush tucker with an edible fleshy berry containing two small nutty seeds. Dianellas are called flax lilies (Noongar name is Mangard) because fibre from the stiff linear leaves makes a handy string or cord for binding. Noongars also crushed and ate the rhizomes.
When I googled Dianella plant I was surprised to see that nurseries have produced new cultivars for the garden.
Picture
Dianella revoluta plant
Picture
Flower
Picture
Berries and seeds
Similar looking lilies that flower within a month or so of each other include:
  • Stypandra glauca/Blind grass is a member of the grass lily genus with a similar looking flower. However, it is a toxic to introduced grazing animals, and the fruit is a dry capsule rather than a berry.
  • Agrostocrinum scabrum/ Blue grass lily occcurs on gravels.It has a deep blue flower and a dry capsule rather than a berry
  • Dichopogon callipes is an early summer flowering plant with a few small straight leaves on the stem and  delicate blue flowers. It is normally inconspicuous, but a delight to see in mornings when the sun is behind it.
Despite being called lilies, they are part of a group of varied monocotyledons that were apparently once in the family Liliaceae, but were regrouped by taxonomists, with some disputes (remember Dryandra/Banksia?).
No doubt forests have been felled for journal articles and careers have waxed and waned during the lily wars. I assume that microscopes and DNA analysis are the main weapons as  plants do not possess anal hairs. I digress.
From a layman’s view they are all monocotyledons (generally 3 petals, 3 sepals) with rhizomes and/or root tubers. All three plants are resprouters that can recover from fires using energy reserves stored in their roots.
Agrostocrinum, Dianella and Stypandra are in the Hemerocallidaceae family with other Foxes Lair genera Caesia,and Tricoryne.
Dichopogon is in the large Asparagaceae family, which includes all our orchids and (you guessed it) asparagus.
Picture
Stypandra glauca
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Agrostocrinum scabrum
Picture
Dichopogon callipes
PictureRampant bridal creeper at Manaring spring
Bridal Creeper is a South African member of Asparagaceae and a weed in that is slowly increasing throughout Foxes Lair
It is an aggressive competitor due to
  • A climbing and spreading growth habit
  • Profuse berry production. I frequently find small bridal creeper plants at the base of trees in the bush, that have germinated from seeds that passed through birds.
  • A huge ability to recover from adversity using root reserves. 90% of the plant occurs underground as a mat of rhizomes and root tubers. Control by cultivation and pulling has no effect.
​Like many pests and weeds, bridal creeper is relatively uncommon in its home country due to native diseases and pests that have evolved with the plant.
This year I thought I would kill some plants in the arboretum using two applications of a glyphosate and metsulfuron. 
Images below show that sprayed plants had more shrivelled old (brown) root tubers but survived, and produced (less) new season tubers and set seed. 

Picture
Fruiting plant
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Unsprayed plant
Picture
Sprayed plant
PictureBridal creeper leaf rust
For small outbreaks, digging the tubers out is very effective. The tuber clump holds together and can be hoiked out intact if you get under it with a mattock.
​Unfortunately, Narrogin’s climate is too dry for the introduced bridal creeper rust to persist, and introduced mites are unlikely to have much impact on plants dispersed in the bush. It is going to be a long battle.

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    Doug Sawkins is a friend of Foxes Lair 

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