Greetings fellow Foxies,
In 1835 Governor James Stirling and Surveyor General James Septimus Roe were part of the Great Southern expedition from Perth to Albany via York. Near Crossman seven of their bullocks died from eating Gastrolobium poison pea plants. These were amongst the first of many thousands of sheep, cattle, and horses lost by settlers and later farmers.
However on the positive side, poison plants were so thick on lighter soils that farmers avoided them and they were fenced out, or they were an additional reason for the many reserves and remnant vegetation in the Great Southern, compared with the wheatbelt.
The toxin is Fluor acetate, the active part of 1080 poison that is used for controlling feral rabbits, cats and foxes. Poison plants are safe to touch, but do not eat or suck them, particularly the flowers and seeds. Native animals have developed resistance and bronze wing pigeon thrives on the seeds.

There are three rules of thumb to distinguish Gastrolobium poisons from the many other benign yellow and orange flowering pea flowered bushes.

1. Leaves are joined to the branch together in groups of 2 to 5 emerging roughly opposite each other, at regular intervals along the stem. No alternate leaves.
2. Where the leaf joins the stem (leaf axil), there is a short spine (stipules) on either side of the join.
3. Flowers arise from a group (an inflorescence) at the ends of branches, not the leaf axil.
    
   These are shown on sandplain poison Gastrolobium bilobum, (the most common poison at Dryandra) on the left.

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 The 3 poisons below from Foxes Lair share these features.

Bullock Poison Gastrolobium trilobum (left) is a very spiny bush with small flowers that is generally found on relatively bare areas around mafic (reddish stony and steep) breakaways.

It does not occur in Foxes Lair.






          The following pea plants are not poisons.

Isotropis cuneifolia (lamb poison) below is a herb with some strains that contain cyanide and other Isotropis species are not to be nibbled.

Imagine that you are lying in bed and an amorphous mass of protoplasm (cell contents) called a plasmodium engulfed and digested you. Well if you were a microorganism or organic matter, this is what a slime mould would do.
A definition is "A simple organism that consists of an acellular mass of creeping jelly-like protoplasm containing nuclei, or a mass of amoeboid cells. When it reaches a certain size it forms a large number of spore cases (sporangia)."
Slime moulds are amazing organisms where individuals can join together and coordinate like they have a brain. When the protoplasm is on the move one can see the contents streaming backwards and forwards  under a  microscope. They are not fungi but somewhere between them and protozoa. They occur in the bush and in lawns; red and white ones and who could forget the yellow ‘dog vomit’ slime mould.

 Images below show a slime mould  forming spore capsules, maturing Fuligo septica, and yellow spore bodies of Lycogala epidendrum.

Recently I found an unusual one  called a False Puffball Reticularia lycerpodon, which is described in this blog

I found this wonderful Archers Cortinar (Cortinarius archeri) below in the arboretum yesterday. Purple when emerging, then the top changes to a rough beige colour.
click  HERE for more information on agarics